Discussions at the Comintern's Fourth Congress sought to apply the “united front” approach to various concrete scenarios. In the colonial world, the Comintern pursued an anti-imperialist united front; where the far right was growing, a united front against fascism.

In some places, like in Germany, Communists were not strong enough to launch revolutionary offensives but would be able to form government in combination with other parties of labour. Could the united front tactic be extended to the parliamentary field?

How should Communists characterise potential “workers’ governments”? What would be their social role? And what principles would guide a revolutionary approach to supporting, participating in, or opposing such formations?