The Social Democratic Workers Party in Austria was, after the German party, the largest Marxist organisation before the First World War. It organised workers on the multinational Austrian side of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. Both its approach to the "national question" and to class struggle differed dramatically from those of the Bolsheviks in tsarist Russia, the other multinational empire in Europe. It also produced very different results: the breakup of the Austrian Party along national lines; and missed revolutionary opportunities.